Bug 2403126 (CVE-2025-61780)

Summary: CVE-2025-61780 rubygem-rack: Improper handling of headers in `Rack::Sendfile` may allow proxy bypass
Product: [Other] Security Response Reporter: OSIDB Bzimport <bzimport>
Component: vulnerabilityAssignee: Product Security DevOps Team <prodsec-dev>
Status: NEW --- QA Contact:
Severity: medium Docs Contact:
Priority: medium    
Version: unspecifiedCC: akostadi, amasferr, anthomas, cbartlet, crizzo, dmayorov, eglynn, ehelms, ggainey, jcantril, jjoyce, jlledo, jschluet, juwatts, jvasik, kaycoth, lhh, lsvaty, mburns, mgarciac, mhulan, mmakovy, nmoumoul, osousa, pantinor, pcreech, pgrist, rblanco, rchan, rojacob, smallamp, tjochec, tmalecek, tsedmik, vmugicag
Target Milestone: ---Keywords: Security
Target Release: ---   
Hardware: All   
OS: Linux   
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A potential information disclosure vulnerability has been identified in the RubyGem Rack affecting Rack::Sendfile when used behind a proxy that supports x-sendfile headers (e.g., Nginx). When processing untrusted x-sendfile-type or x-accel-mapping headers, the middleware could misinterpret them as proxy directives, causing the proxy to make unintended internal requests. An attacker could exploit this by sending crafted headers and requesting paths that trigger proxy-based acceleration, potentially accessing internal application endpoints that are normally protected. The issue does not allow arbitrary file reads, code execution, or denial of service.
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oVirt Team: --- RHEL 7.3 requirements from Atomic Host:
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Bug Depends On: 2403526, 2403527, 2403528, 2403529, 2403530    
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Description OSIDB Bzimport 2025-10-10 17:01:45 UTC 
Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Prior to versions 2.2.20, 3.1.18, and 3.2.3, a possible information disclosure vulnerability existed in `Rack::Sendfile` when running behind a proxy that supports `x-sendfile` headers (such as Nginx). Specially crafted headers could cause `Rack::Sendfile` to miscommunicate with the proxy and trigger unintended internal requests, potentially bypassing proxy-level access restrictions. When `Rack::Sendfile` received untrusted `x-sendfile-type` or `x-accel-mapping` headers from a client, it would interpret them as proxy configuration directives. This could cause the middleware to send a "redirect" response to the proxy, prompting it to reissue a new internal request that was not subject to the proxy's access controls. An attacker could exploit this by setting a crafted `x-sendfile-type: x-accel-redirect` header, setting a crafted `x-accel-mapping` header, and requesting a path that qualifies for proxy-based acceleration. Attackers could bypass proxy-enforced restrictions and access internal endpoints intended to be protected (such as administrative pages). The vulnerability did not allow arbitrary file reads but could expose sensitive application routes. This issue only affected systems meeting all of the following conditions: The application used `Rack::Sendfile` with a proxy that supports `x-accel-redirect` (e.g., Nginx); the proxy did **not** always set or remove the `x-sendfile-type` and `x-accel-mapping` headers; and the application exposed an endpoint that returned a body responding to `.to_path`. Users should upgrade to Rack versions 2.2.20, 3.1.18, or 3.2.3, which require explicit configuration to enable `x-accel-redirect`. Alternatively, configure the proxy to always set or strip the header, or in Rails applications, disable sendfile completely.