In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

mm/damon/sysfs: fix use-after-free in state_show()

state_show() reads kdamond->damon_ctx without holding damon_sysfs_lock. 
This allows a use-after-free race:

CPU 0                         CPU 1
-----                         -----
state_show()                  damon_sysfs_turn_damon_on()
ctx = kdamond->damon_ctx;     mutex_lock(&damon_sysfs_lock);
                              damon_destroy_ctx(kdamond->damon_ctx);
                              kdamond->damon_ctx = NULL;
                              mutex_unlock(&damon_sysfs_lock);
damon_is_running(ctx);        /* ctx is freed */
mutex_lock(&ctx->kdamond_lock); /* UAF */

(The race can also occur with damon_sysfs_kdamonds_rm_dirs() and
damon_sysfs_kdamond_release(), which free or replace the context under
damon_sysfs_lock.)

Fix by taking damon_sysfs_lock before dereferencing the context, mirroring
the locking used in pid_show().

The bug has existed since state_show() first accessed kdamond->damon_ctx.