The dereference control plugin in 389 Directory Server fails to check the return value of ber_init() for NULL before use in deref_parse_ctrl_value() (deref.c). When memory allocation fails under memory pressure, an unauthenticated LDAP client sending a search with the deref control can crash ns-slapd. The deref plugin is enabled by default. Crash confirmed via GDB fault injection on Fedora 42 (SIGABRT) and CentOS 7 (SIGSEGV on OpenLDAP 2.4). Vulnerable code present since deref plugin introduction in 389-ds-base 1.2.6 (~2010).