Bug 1495541 (CVE-2017-1000254)

When libcurl connects to an FTP server and successfully logs in (anonymous or
not), it asks the server for the current directory with the `PWD` command. The
server then responds with a 257 response containing the path, inside double
quotes. The returned path name is then kept by libcurl for subsequent uses.

Due to a flaw in the string parser for this directory name, a directory name
passed like this but without a closing double quote would lead to libcurl not
adding a trailing NUL byte to the buffer holding the name. When libcurl would
then later access the string, it could read beyond the allocated heap buffer
and crash or wrongly access data beyond the buffer, thinking it was part of
the path.

A malicious server could abuse this fact and effectively prevent libcurl-based
clients to work with it - the PWD command is always issued on new FTP
connections and the mistake has a high chance of causing a segfault.

Introduced with:

https://github.com/curl/curl/commit/415d2e7cb7

External References:

https://curl.haxx.se/docs/adv_20171004.html