I am having issues with LVM lvmraid RAID1.

I am using Linux 4.19.16-1 and lvm2 2.03.02-1 on Debian 11 (buster).

I have a desktop system with two 500GB disks, a HDD and an SSD. Each disk has a partition containing a LUKS volume, which contain LVM PVs, which form a single VG, which contains a swap LV and a rootfs LV. The swap LV is backed by the HDD PV and the rootfs LV by both PVs.

I often randomly get sets of random processes going into D state for an extended period. It feels like all I/O is stalled as the disk light doesn't go on at all.

I do not know if these issues are new in the Linux version I use since I only recently switched to this setup from having just the HDD.

Sometimes switching to a different virtual console causes the I/O to start again. Sometimes logging in over SSH causes the I/O to start again. Sometimes I just need to wait some minutes until the I/O starts again.

Recently I split the HDD from the RAID1 array (using `lvconvert --yes --splitmirrors 1 --trackchanges`) and this has completely prevented the I/O stalls from happening for several days. Of course, I don't really want to keep running in this configuration in case of SSD failures.

I'm wondering if the difference in latency between the two devices is causing the Linux mq-deadline I/O scheduler to display suboptimal I/O behaviour.

I'm wondering if there is any better way to investigate this than the naive script below that dumps kernel stacks for processes in D state. I wanted to make it only print processes that have been in D state for more than 5 seconds but the stime item in /proc/$PID/stat only seems to report cumulative kernel time rather than time since the last state transition.

I tried looking in dmesg but the warnings about blocked tasks do not seem to happen even when /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs is set to 5 seconds.

# lsblk
NAME                         MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE  MOUNTPOINT
sda                            8:0    0 465.8G  0 disk
├─sda1                         8:1    0   243M  0 part
│ └─md127                      9:127  0   242M  0 raid1 /boot
├─sda2                         8:2    0     1K  0 part
└─sda5                         8:5    0 465.5G  0 part
  └─sda5_crypt               253:9    0 465.5G  0 crypt
    ├─hostname-root_rmeta_1  253:4    0     4M  0 lvm
    │ └─hostname-root        253:7    0 449.9G  0 lvm   /
    └─hostname-root_rimage_1 253:6    0 449.9G  0 lvm
      └─hostname-root        253:7    0 449.9G  0 lvm   /
sdb                            8:48   0 465.8G  0 disk
├─sdb1                         8:49   0   243M  0 part
│ └─md127                      9:127  0   242M  0 raid1 /boot
├─sdb2                         8:50   0     1K  0 part
└─sdb5                         8:53   0 465.5G  0 part
  └─sdb5_crypt               253:0    0 465.5G  0 crypt
    ├─hostname-root_rmeta_0  253:1    0     4M  0 lvm
    │ └─hostname-root        253:7    0 449.9G  0 lvm   /
    ├─hostname-root_rimage_0 253:2    0 449.9G  0 lvm
    │ └─hostname-root        253:7    0 449.9G  0 lvm   /
    └─hostname-swap          253:8    0  15.6G  0 lvm   [SWAP]

# lvs -a
  LV              VG       Attr       LSize   Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  root            hostname rwi-aor--- 449.91g                                    100.00
  [root_rimage_0] hostname iwi-aor--- 449.91g
  [root_rimage_1] hostname iwi-aor--- 449.91g
  [root_rmeta_0]  hostname ewi-aor---   4.00m
  [root_rmeta_1]  hostname ewi-aor---   4.00m
  swap            hostname -wi-ao---- <15.60g

# head /sys/block/sd{a,b}/queue/scheduler
==> /sys/block/sda/queue/scheduler <==
[mq-deadline] none

==> /sys/block/sdb/queue/scheduler <==
[mq-deadline] none

# cat `which dump-d-state-process-stacks`
#!/bin/bash
while sleep 0.1 ; do
        grep -l State:.D /proc/*/status 2> /dev/null |
                sed 's_/proc/__;s_/status__' |
                xargs -I _ bash -c '
                        ret=0
                        link=$(readlink /proc/_/exe) || ret=$?
                        if [ $ret -eq 0 ] ; then
                                echo START PROCESS -------------------------------------------------
                                date
                                echo $link
                                tr "\0" " " < /proc/_/cmdline
                                cat /proc/_/stack
                                echo END PROCESS ----------------------------------------------------
                        fi
                '
done