Also verified on this version:
Client Version: 4.8.22
Server Version: 4.8.17
Kubernetes Version: v1.21.1+6438632

Image trigger works on Daemonset, but not statefulset,

oc new-project 03149630
$ oc import-image reproducer-03149630:v1.1 -n 03149630 --from=quay.io/gmeghnag/reproducer-03149630:v1.1 --confirm

$ oc tag reproducer-03149630:v1.1 reproducer-03149630:latest

$ oc get istag reproducer-03149630:latest -o jsonpath="{.image.dockerImageReference}"

Create statefulset resource that use the image: image-registry.openshift-image-registry.svc:5000/03149630/reproducer-03149630:latest

- apiVersion: apps/v1
  kind: StatefulSet
  metadata:
    name: "${NAME}"
    namespace: "${NAMESPACE}"
  spec:
    serviceName: example-statefulset
    replicas: 3
    selector:
      matchLabels:
        app: example-statefulset
    template:
      metadata:
        labels:
          app: example-statefulset
      spec:
        terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 10
        containers:
          - name: reproducer-03149630
            image: image-registry.openshift-image-registry.svc:5000/03149630/reproducer-03149630:latest
            imagePullPolicy: Always
            resources: {}
            terminationMessagePath: /dev/termination-log
        serviceAccount: default
        terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 10
parameters:
  - name: NAME
  - name: NAMESPACE

$oc process -f statefulset.yaml -p NAME=test -p NAMESPACE=03149630 | oc create -f -

// Allow some time for the resource to be created
$ sleep 10

// Import the image reproducer-03149630 with tag v1.2 
$ oc import-image reproducer-03149630:v1.2 -n 03149630 --from=quay.io/gmeghnag/reproducer-03149630:v1.2 --confirm

// Tag image reproducer-03149630:v1.2 as reproducer-03149630:latest
$ oc tag reproducer-03149630:v1.2 reproducer-03149630:latest

// (Optional, for debugging) Get IsTag dockerImageReference digest
$ oc get istag reproducer-03149630:latest -o jsonpath="{.image.dockerImageReference}"

// ! HERE THE IMAGE REFERENCED INSIDE THE DAEMONSET RESOURCE SHOULD BE CHANGED BUT NOTHING HAPPEN !
$ oc get pods -o jsonpath="{.items[0].status.containerStatuses[0].imageID}"

The statefulsetc pod don't fetch the new image
$oc get statefulset/test -o jsonpath="{..spec.containers[0]}"  | jq
{
  "image": "image-registry.openshift-image-registry.svc:5000/03149630/reproducer-03149630:latest",
  "imagePullPolicy": "Always",
  "name": "reproducer-03149630",
  "resources": {},
  "terminationMessagePath": "/dev/termination-log",
  "terminationMessagePolicy": "File"
}

To enable triggers, you need to add the annotation:

metadata:
  annotations:
    image.openshift.io/triggers: |-
      [
        {
          "from": {
            "kind": "ImageStreamTag",
            "name": "reproducer-03149630:latest"
          },
          "fieldPath": "spec.template.spec.containers[0].image"
        }
      ]

It seems it works with the annotation, isn't it?

sorry, I make mistake, the annotation works for statefulset.

Since the problem described in this bug report should be
resolved in a recent advisory, it has been closed with a
resolution of ERRATA.

For information on the advisory (Moderate: OpenShift Container Platform 4.12.0 bug fix and security update), and where to find the updated
files, follow the link below.

If the solution does not work for you, open a new bug report.

https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2022:7399