More information about this security flaw is available in the following bug: https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2358118 Disclaimer: Community trackers are created by Red Hat Product Security team on a best effort basis. Package maintainers are required to ascertain if the flaw indeed affects their package, before starting the update process.
The retroarch source package declares bundled(stb), but it only specifically includes stb_image, stb_rect_pack, stb_truetype, and stb_vorbis. The CVE was reported against stbhw_build_tileset_from_image, so retroarch cannot be affected.