In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

iommu/amd/iommu_v2: Fix pasid_state refcount dec hit 0 warning on pasid unbind

When unbinding pasid - a race condition exists vs outstanding page faults.

To prevent this, the pasid_state object contains a refcount.
    * set to 1 on pasid bind
    * incremented on each ppr notification start
    * decremented on each ppr notification done
    * decremented on pasid unbind

Since refcount_dec assumes that refcount will never reach 0:
  the current implementation causes the following to be invoked on
  pasid unbind:
        REFCOUNT_WARN("decrement hit 0; leaking memory")

Fix this issue by changing refcount_dec to refcount_dec_and_test
to explicitly handle refcount=1.