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The preAuthEncoding function in @sigstore/core uses Node.js 'ascii' encoding when converting the PAE string to bytes. This allows payloadType to be mutated after signing without invalidating the signature, breaking the type-binding guarantee that DSSE is designed to provide. An attacker can substitute characters in payloadType with Unicode variants whose low byte matches, producing identical PAE bytes and passing signature verification. Fixed in @sigstore/core 3.2.1.