In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

net/sched: fix use-after-free in __tcf_action_put()

__tcf_action_put() decrements the reference count before decrementing the
binding count. Another thread can free the action between these operations,
causing the binding-count update to access freed memory. KASAN reports it
as:

  BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in __tcf_action_put+0x327/0x340
  Write of size 4 at addr ff11000000d46420 by task tc-put-pause/64

Hold the action IDR mutex across both counter updates and IDR removal,
keeping cleanup outside the lock.