From the net:

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The pthread_once() implementation seems have different semantics with the
one in POSIX standard pthread.
(The reference is in page 118 in O'Reilly's book"Pthreads programming" 1st
ed. I assume that the book is correct on this.)

This is the text describing pthread_once() semantics on the book: "No
caller
will exit from pthread_once mechanism until the routine's first caller has
returned."
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which is true. The poster suggested:

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In a word, I think there should be a pair of mutex lock/unlocks around the
invocation of the function pointer passed by user in pthread_once() in
compat/posix/current/src/pthread.cxx to guarantee the correct semantics.
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My reply includes:

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That wouldn't be ideal as _all_ pthread_once's would be serialized. This
would be fatal if the called routine itself called pthread_once. Also we
have to worry about the thread being cancelled in the called routine.
Instead, at a guess, the thing to do is to use the pthread_once_t to record
whether the routine is currently still being processed, and then broadcast
a condition variable to cause it to be checked by any waiting routines that
have called it.
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