You can change the Platform to "All Linux" since this happens on x86_64 also.

No obvious connection to GNOME Shell

(GNOME Shell is the component that handles the application launching and window management once you've logged into the desktop from GDM)

Is this the same as bug 678236?

I do not think it is, though it may be related. This occurs after software update or after "new firstboot "
Entry of name of user in other results in correct login. Name appears in subsequent logins unless update is done.

I just did an update and restarted. The user list showed "Other..." only.

accountsservice-0.6.9-1.fc15.i686
gdm-3.0.0-2.fc15.i686
gdm-plugin-fingerprint-3.0.0-2.fc15.i686

tail of /var/log/yum.log
(Apr 20 entries are for the update that reproduced this bug.)

Apr 18 15:21:29 Updated: 1:gdm-3.0.0-2.fc15.i686
Apr 18 15:21:29 Updated: 1:gdm-plugin-fingerprint-3.0.0-2.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:20:19 Updated: xorg-x11-server-common-1.10.1-8.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:20:20 Installed: gnome-js-common-0.1.2-4.fc15.noarch
Apr 20 03:20:20 Installed: lovelock-backgrounds-stripes-single-14.91.1-1.fc15.noarch
Apr 20 03:20:21 Installed: lovelock-backgrounds-stripes-gnome-14.91.1-1.fc15.noarch
Apr 20 03:20:21 Updated: adwaita-gtk2-theme-3.0.0-4.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:20:23 Updated: adwaita-cursor-theme-3.0.0-4.fc15.noarch
Apr 20 03:20:23 Installed: desktop-backgrounds-gnome-15.0.0-8.fc15.noarch
Apr 20 03:20:33 Updated: fedora-release-notes-14.98.0-1.fc15.noarch
Apr 20 03:20:35 Updated: dracut-009-6.fc15.noarch
Apr 20 03:20:42 Updated: papyon-0.5.5-1.fc15.noarch
Apr 20 03:20:42 Updated: polkit-desktop-policy-0.101-5.fc15.noarch
Apr 20 03:20:51 Updated: gnome-user-docs-3.0.2-1.fc15.noarch
Apr 20 03:20:56 Updated: gvfs-1.8.0-2.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:20:56 Updated: libgcc-4.6.0-5.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:20:58 Updated: xorg-x11-server-Xorg-1.10.1-8.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:20:59 Updated: 1:NetworkManager-glib-0.8.998-3.git20110419.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:21:00 Updated: polkit-0.101-5.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:21:01 Installed: seed-3.0.0-1.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:21:03 Updated: 1:wpa_supplicant-0.7.3-6.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:21:06 Updated: 1:NetworkManager-0.8.998-3.git20110419.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:21:06 Updated: adwaita-gtk3-theme-3.0.0-4.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:21:07 Updated: libfprint-0.4.0-1.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:21:12 Installed: gnome-themes-standard-3.0.0-4.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:21:13 Updated: fprintd-0.4.1-1.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:21:14 Updated: fprintd-pam-0.4.1-1.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:21:22 Updated: 1:NetworkManager-gnome-0.8.998-3.git20110419.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:21:29 Updated: NetworkManager-openconnect-0.8.1-9.git20110419.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:21:34 Updated: 1:gnome-games-3.0.1.1-1.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:21:35 Updated: xorg-x11-drv-cirrus-1.3.2-8.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:21:36 Updated: xorg-x11-drv-wacom-0.11.0-1.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:21:36 Updated: xorg-x11-drv-synaptics-1.4.0.901-1.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:21:37 Updated: libgomp-4.6.0-5.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:21:38 Updated: libstdc++-4.6.0-5.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:21:40 Updated: mtools-4.0.16-1.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:21:41 Updated: gvfs-obexftp-1.8.0-2.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:21:41 Updated: gvfs-smb-1.8.0-2.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:21:42 Updated: gvfs-archive-1.8.0-2.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:21:42 Updated: gvfs-gphoto2-1.8.0-2.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:21:43 Updated: gvfs-fuse-1.8.0-2.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:21:43 Updated: gvfs-afc-1.8.0-2.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:21:44 Updated: xorg-x11-server-Xephyr-1.10.1-8.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:21:46 Updated: orc-0.4.13-1.fc15.i686
Apr 20 03:21:55 Erased: gnome-background-standard

satellit: Could you attach /var/log/yum.log and report the date of the update?
Exactly what packages were in the update might help solve this bug.

(In reply to comment #5)
> I just did an update and restarted. The user list showed "Other..." only.

On a different system, I updated and restarted.
The user list showed a user name, as expected.
So updating does not seem to be a reliable reproducer.

accountsservice-0.6.9-1.fc15.x86_64
gdm-3.0.0-2.fc15.x86_64
gdm-plugin-fingerprint-3.0.0-2.fc15.x86_64

Booting from the latest GNOME3 test day i686 live image, on 2 different machines, on one I got logged in automatically, on the other I end up on the gdm screen with "Other" for the username. Only booted once from each so don't know if the different behavior is reproducible on each. But clearly it doesn't just depend on the set of installed packages.

https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Test_Day:2011-04-21_GNOME3_Final#Live_image

I don't see anything to differentiate this from 678236. There's no indication the update 'causes' it (and comment #7 says it doesn't). 678236 is the bug for gdm sometimes showing no users in the list.

*** This bug has been marked as a duplicate of bug 678236 ***