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Description of problem:
It Looks like mksh is using a 32-bit register for signed integers, so anything above 2^31 -1 rolls over to a negative value. (Note: 536870912 = 2^29)
[root@htest06 ~]# uname -r
2.6.32-220.el6.x86_64
[root@htest06 ~]# rpm -qa mksh
mksh-39-7.el6.x86_64
[root@htest06 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.2 (Santiago)
[root@htest06 ~]# alternatives --config ksh
There is 1 program that provides 'ksh'.
Selection Command
-----------------------------------------------
*+ 1 /bin/mksh
Enter to keep the current selection[+], or type selection number:
Version-Release number of selected component (if applicable):
RHEL 6.2
How reproducible:
Easy to reproduce
Steps to Reproduce:
$ echo "2^29 = $(( 1 * 536870912 ))"
2^29 = 536870912
$ echo "2^30 = $(( 2 * 536870912 ))"
2^30 = 1073741824
$ echo "2^31 = $(( 4 * 536870912 ))"
2^31 = -2147483648
$ echo "2^31 - 1 = $(( 4 * 536870912 - 1 ))"
2^31 - 1 = 2147483647
Actual results:
-2147483648
Expected results:
2147483648
Additional info:
I talked with upstream and this is expected and documented behaviour:
$ man mksh
"""
Arithmetic expressions
...
Expressions are calculated using signed arithmetic and the mksh_ari_t type (a 32-bit signed integer), unless they begin with a sole ‘#’ character, in which case they use mksh_uari_t (a 32-bit unsigned integer).
"""